| Tchem | Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 4 |
Proprotein convertase involved in the processing of hormone and other protein precursors at sites comprised of pairs of basic amino acid residues (By similarity). In males, important for ADAM2 processing as well as other acrosomal proteins with roles in fertilization and critical for normal fertilization events such as sperm capacitation, acrosome reaction and binding of sperm to zona pellucida (By similarity). Plays also a role in female fertility, involved in the regulation of trophoblast migration and placental development, may be through the proteolytical processing and activation of proteins such as IGF2 (PubMed:16040806). May also participate in folliculogenesis in the ovaries (By similarity).
This gene encodes a member of the subtilisin-like proprotein convertase family, which includes proteases that process protein and peptide precursors trafficking through regulated or constitutive branches of the secretory pathway. The encoded protein undergoes an initial autocatalytic processing event in the ER to generate a heterodimer which exits the ER and sorts to subcellular compartments where a second autocatalytic even takes place and the catalytic activity is acquired. This gene encodes one of the seven basic amino acid-specific members which cleave their substrates at single or paired basic residues. The protease is expressed only in the testis, placenta, and ovary. It plays a critical role in fertilization, fetoplacental growth, and embryonic development and processes multiple prohormones including pro-pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating protein and pro-insulin-like growth factor II. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2014]
This gene encodes a member of the subtilisin-like proprotein convertase family, which includes proteases that process protein and peptide precursors trafficking through regulated or constitutive branches of the secretory pathway. The encoded protein undergoes an initial autocatalytic processing event in the ER to generate a heterodimer which exits the ER and sorts to subcellular compartments where a second autocatalytic even takes place and the catalytic activity is acquired. This gene encodes one of the seven basic amino acid-specific members which cleave their substrates at single or paired basic residues. The protease is expressed only in the testis, placenta, and ovary. It plays a critical role in fertilization, fetoplacental growth, and embryonic development and processes multiple prohormones including pro-pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating protein and pro-insulin-like growth factor II. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2014]
Comments
| PMID | Text | |
|---|---|---|
| 21080038 | Maturation by propeptide removal occurs very inefficiently when rat or human proPCSK4 is overexpressed in HEK293 cells where it interacts with BiP. | |
| 20628086 | Observational study of gene-disease association, gene-environment interaction, and pharmacogenomic / toxicogenomic. (HuGE Navigator) | |
| 19913121 | Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator) | |
| 16040806 | abnormal processing of IGF-II by PC4 may represent a previously uncharacterized mechanism involved in the pathophysiology of fetoplacental growth restriction |
MRPAPIALWLRLVLALALVRPRAVGWAPVRAPIYVSSWAVQVSQGNREVERLARKFGFVNLGPIFPDGQY 1 - 70 FHLRHRGVVQQSLTPHWGHRLHLKKNPKVQWFQQQTLQRRVKRSVVVPTDPWFSKQWYMNSEAQPDLSIL 71 - 140 QAWSQGLSGQGIVVSVLDDGIEKDHPDLWANYDPLASYDFNDYDPDPQPRYTPSKENRHGTRCAGEVAAM 141 - 210 ANNGFCGVGVAFNARIGGVRMLDGTITDVIEAQSLSLQPQHIHIYSASWGPEDDGRTVDGPGILTREAFR 211 - 280 RGVTKGRGGLGTLFIWASGNGGLHYDNCNCDGYTNSIHTLSVGSTTQQGRVPWYSEACASTLTTTYSSGV 281 - 350 ATDPQIVTTDLHHGCTDQHTGTSASAPLAAGMIALALEANPFLTWRDMQHLVVRASKPAHLQAEDWRTNG 351 - 420 VGRQVSHHYGYGLLDAGLLVDTARTWLPTQPQRKCAVRVQSRPTPILPLIYIRENVSACAGLHNSIRSLE 421 - 490 HVQAQLTLSYSRRGDLEISLTSPMGTRSTLVAIRPLDVSTEGYNNWVFMSTHFWDENPQGVWTLGLENKG 491 - 560 YYFNTGTLYRYTLLLYGTAEDMTARPTGPQVTSSACVQRDTEGLCQACDGPAYILGQLCLAYCPPRFFNH 561 - 630 TRLVTAGPGHTAAPALRVCSSCHASCYTCRGGSPRDCTSCPPSSTLDQQQGSCMGPTTPDSRPRLRAAAC 631 - 700 PHHRCPASAMVLSLLAVTLGGPVLCGMSMDLPLYAWLSRARATPTKPQVWLPAGT 701 - 755 //
| PMID | Year | Title | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 23775089 | 2013 | The multifaceted proprotein convertases: their unique, redundant, complementary, and opposite functions. | |
| 22679642 | 2012 | The biology and therapeutic targeting of the proprotein convertases. | |
| 21805237 | 2011 | The proprotein convertases, 20 years later. | |
| 21805236 | 2011 | The prohormone theory and the proprotein convertases: it is all about serendipity. | |
| 21080038 | 2011 | The precursor to the germ cell-specific PCSK4 proteinase is inefficiently activated in transfected somatic cells: evidence of interaction with the BiP chaperone. | |
| 20628086 | 2010 | Variation at the NFATC2 locus increases the risk of thiazolidinedione-induced edema in the Diabetes REduction Assessment with ramipril and rosiglitazone Medication (DREAM) study. | |
| 19913121 | 2009 | Gene-centric association signals for lipids and apolipoproteins identified via the HumanCVD BeadChip. | |
| 19109312 | Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 4 in mammalian fertility: a review. | ||
| 18343183 | 2008 | The activation and physiological functions of the proprotein convertases. | |
| 17974005 | 2007 | The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA Consortium. | |
| 16040806 | 2005 | Role of pro-IGF-II processing by proprotein convertase 4 in human placental development. | |
| 15489334 | 2004 | The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). | |
| 15057824 | 2004 | The DNA sequence and biology of human chromosome 19. | |
| 14702039 | 2004 | Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. | |
| 12975309 | 2003 | The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment. | |
| 12477932 | 2002 | Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. | |
| 11776387 | 2001 | Single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the proprotein convertase subtilisin/ kexin type 5 (PCSK5) gene. | |
| 11193847 | 2000 | Prohormone convertase PC4 processes the precursor of PACAP in the testis. | |
| 11164898 | 2001 | The testicular germ-cell protease PC4 is also expressed in macrophage-like cells of the ovary. | |
| 10409610 | 1999 | Proteolytic processing in the secretory pathway. | |
| 8889548 | 1996 | Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery. | |
| 7819324 | 1994 | The family of subtilisin/kexin like pro-protein and pro-hormone convertases: divergent or shared functions. | |
| 7782070 | 1995 | Chromosomal assignment of the genes for proprotein convertases PC4, PC5, and PACE 4 in mouse and human. |
