Tbio ERVW-1 Syncytin-1

Protein Summary

Description

This endogenous retroviral envelope protein has retained its original fusogenic properties and participates in trophoblast fusion and the formation of a syncytium during placenta morphogenesis. May induce fusion through binding of SLC1A4 and SLC1A5 (PubMed:10708449, PubMed:12050356, PubMed:23492904). Endogenous envelope proteins may have kept, lost or modified their original function during evolution. Retroviral envelope proteins mediate receptor recognition and membrane fusion during early infection. The surface protein (SU) mediates receptor recognition, while the transmembrane protein (TM) acts as a class I viral fusion protein. The protein may have at least 3 conformational states: pre-fusion native state, pre-hairpin intermediate state, and post-fusion hairpin state. During viral and target cell membrane fusion, the coiled coil regions (heptad repeats) assume a trimer-of-hairpins structure, positioning the fusion peptide in close proximity to the C-terminal region of the ectodomain. The formation of this structure appears to drive apposition and subsequent fusion of membranes. Many different human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) families are expressed in normal placental tissue at high levels, suggesting that HERVs are functionally important in reproduction. This gene is part of an HERV provirus on chromosome 7 that has inactivating mutations in the gag and pol genes. This gene is the envelope glycoprotein gene which appears to have been selectively preserved. The gene's protein product is expressed in the placental syncytiotrophoblast and is involved in fusion of the cytotrophoblast cells to form the syncytial layer of the placenta. The protein has the characteristics of a typical retroviral envelope protein, including a furin cleavage site that separates the surface (SU) and transmembrane (TM) proteins which form a heterodimer. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2010]

Uniprot Accession IDs

• Q9UQF0
• B2RPD4
• O95244
• O95245
• Q8NHY7
• Q9NRZ2
• Q9NZG3

Gene Name

• ERVW-1

Ensembl ID

• ENST00000493463
• ENSP00000419945
• ENSG00000242950
• ENST00000603053
• ENSP00000474984

Symbol

• ERVWE1
• ENV
• ENVW
• HERVW
• ERVWE1
• HERV7Q
• HERV-7q
• HERVWENV
• HERV-W-ENV

Knowledge Table

Most Knowledge About	Knowledge Value (0 to 1 scale)
tissue sample	0.71
biological term	0.69
cell line	0.69
disease	0.67
cellular component	0.53

Protein Classes

No PANTHER Classes or DTO Classes found

IDG Development Level Summary

Tdark

These are targets about which virtually nothing is known. They do not have known drug or small molecule activities
- AND - satisfy two or more of the following criteria:

Pubmed score: 2313.86   (req: < 5)

Gene RIFs: 85   (req: <= 3)

Antibodies: 230   (req: <= 50)

Tbio

These targets do not have known drug or small molecule activities
- AND - satisfy two or more of the following criteria:

Pubmed score: 2313.86   (req: >= 5)

Gene RIFs: 85   (req: > 3)

Antibodies: 230   (req: > 50)

- OR - satisfy the following criterion:

Gene Ontology Terms: 3

Tchem

Target has at least one ChEMBL compound with an activity cutoff of < 30 nM - AND - satisfies the preceding conditions

Active Ligand: 0

Tclin

Target has at least one approved drug - AND - satisfies the preceding conditions

Active Drug: 0