Tbio GDF15 Growth/differentiation factor 15

Protein Summary

Description

Regulates food intake, energy expenditure and body weight in response to metabolic and toxin-induced stresses (PubMed:28953886, PubMed:28846097, PubMed:28846098, PubMed:28846099, PubMed:23468844, PubMed:29046435). Binds to its receptor, GFRAL, and activates GFRAL-expressing neurons localized in the area postrema and nucleus tractus solitarius of the brainstem (PubMed:28953886, PubMed:28846097, PubMed:28846098, PubMed:28846099). It then triggers the activation of neurons localized within the parabrachial nucleus and central amygdala, which contitutes part of the 'emergency circuit' that shapes feeding responses to stressful conditions (PubMed:28953886). On hepatocytes, inhibits growth hormone signaling (By similarity). This gene encodes a secreted ligand of the TGF-beta (transforming growth factor-beta) superfamily of proteins. Ligands of this family bind various TGF-beta receptors leading to recruitment and activation of SMAD family transcription factors that regulate gene expression. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate each subunit of the disulfide-linked homodimer. The protein is expressed in a broad range of cell types, acts as a pleiotropic cytokine and is involved in the stress response program of cells after cellular injury. Increased protein levels are associated with disease states such as tissue hypoxia, inflammation, acute injury and oxidative stress. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2016]

Uniprot Accession IDs

• Q99988
• O14629
• P78360
• Q9BWA0
• Q9NRT0
• GDF-15

Gene Name

• GDF15

Ensembl ID

• ENST00000252809
• ENSP00000252809
• ENSG00000130513

Symbol

• MIC1
• PDF
• PLAB
• PTGFB
• PDF
• MIC1
• PLAB
• MIC-1
• NAG-1
• PTGFB
• GDF-15

Knowledge Table

Most Knowledge About	Knowledge Value (0 to 1 scale)
small molecule perturbation	1
gene perturbation	0.99
biological term	0.98
virus perturbation	0.94
transcription factor binding site profile	0.91

Protein Classes

PANTHER Classes

Protein / Signaling Molecule / Growth Factor / Growth/differentiation Factor 15

DTO Classes

Protein / Signaling / Growth Factor / Growth/differentiation Factor 15

IDG Development Level Summary

Tdark

These are targets about which virtually nothing is known. They do not have known drug or small molecule activities
- AND - satisfy two or more of the following criteria:

Pubmed score: 1643.66   (req: < 5)

Gene RIFs: 575   (req: <= 3)

Antibodies: 898   (req: <= 50)

Tbio

These targets do not have known drug or small molecule activities
- AND - satisfy two or more of the following criteria:

Pubmed score: 1643.66   (req: >= 5)

Gene RIFs: 575   (req: > 3)

Antibodies: 898   (req: > 50)

- OR - satisfy the following criterion:

Gene Ontology Terms: 21

Tchem

Target has at least one ChEMBL compound with an activity cutoff of < 30 nM - AND - satisfies the preceding conditions

Active Ligand: 0

Tclin

Target has at least one approved drug - AND - satisfies the preceding conditions

Active Drug: 0