Tclin TXNRD1 Thioredoxin reductase 1, cytoplasmic

Protein Summary

Description

Isoform 1 may possess glutaredoxin activity as well as thioredoxin reductase activity and induces actin and tubulin polymerization, leading to formation of cell membrane protrusions. Isoform 4 enhances the transcriptional activity of estrogen receptors alpha and beta while isoform 5 enhances the transcriptional activity of the beta receptor only. Isoform 5 also mediates cell death induced by a combination of interferon-beta and retinoic acid. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family, and is a member of the thioredoxin (Trx) system. Three thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) isozymes are found in mammals. TrxRs are selenocysteine-containing flavoenzymes, which reduce thioredoxins, as well as other substrates, and play a key role in redox homoeostasis. This gene encodes an ubiquitously expressed, cytosolic form of TrxR, which functions as a homodimer containing FAD, and selenocysteine (Sec) at the active site. Sec is encoded by UGA codon that normally signals translation termination. The 3' UTRs of selenoprotein mRNAs contain a conserved stem-loop structure, the Sec insertion sequence (SECIS) element, which is necessary for the recognition of UGA as a Sec codon rather than as a stop signal. Alternative splicing, primarily at the 5' end, results in transcript variants encoding same or different isoforms, including a glutaredoxin-containing isoform that is predominantly expressed in testis. [provided by RefSeq, May 2017]

Uniprot Accession IDs

• Q16881
• B7Z1F4
• B7Z3Y8
• B7Z904
• E9PMY9
• F5H780
• Q6FI31
• Q6VB40
• Q6VB41
• Q6VB42
• Q6VBP2
• Q6VBP3
• Q6VBP4
• Q6VBP5
• Q6VBP9
• Q6VBQ0
• Q6YNQ1
• Q76P53
• Q7LA96
• Q8WVC8
• Q99475
• Q9UES8
• Q9UH79
• TR

Gene Name

• TXNRD1

Ensembl ID

• ENST00000503506
• ENSP00000421934
• ENSG00000198431
• ENST00000524698
• ENSP00000433425
• ENST00000525566
• ENSP00000434516
• ENST00000526390
• ENSP00000435123
• ENST00000526691
• ENSP00000435929
• ENST00000529546
• ENSP00000434919

Symbol

• GRIM12
• KDRF
• TR
• TR1
• TXNR
• TRXR1
• GRIM-12

Knowledge Table

Most Knowledge About	Knowledge Value (0 to 1 scale)
protein domain	0.99
disease perturbation	0.97
chemical	0.93
kinase perturbation	0.91
transcription factor perturbation	0.91

Protein Classes

PANTHER Classes

Protein / Oxidoreductase / Reductase / Thioredoxin Reductase 1, Cytoplasmic

Protein / Oxidoreductase / Oxidase / Thioredoxin Reductase 1, Cytoplasmic

Protein / Oxidoreductase / Dehydrogenase / Thioredoxin Reductase 1, Cytoplasmic

DTO Classes

Protein / Enzyme / Oxidoreductase / Dehydrogenase / Thioredoxin Reductase 1, Cytoplasmic

IDG Development Level Summary

Tdark

These are targets about which virtually nothing is known. They do not have known drug or small molecule activities
- AND - satisfy two or more of the following criteria:

Pubmed score: 424.17   (req: < 5)

Gene RIFs: 123   (req: <= 3)

Antibodies: 402   (req: <= 50)

Tbio

These targets do not have known drug or small molecule activities
- AND - satisfy two or more of the following criteria:

Pubmed score: 424.17   (req: >= 5)

Gene RIFs: 123   (req: > 3)

Antibodies: 402   (req: > 50)

- OR - satisfy the following criterion:

Gene Ontology Terms: 14

Tchem

Target has at least one ChEMBL compound with an activity cutoff of < 30 nM - AND - satisfies the preceding conditions

Active Ligands: 12

Tclin

Target has at least one approved drug - AND - satisfies the preceding conditions

Active Drug: 1