Tbio PTHLH Parathyroid hormone-related protein

Protein Summary

Description

Neuroendocrine peptide which is a critical regulator of cellular and organ growth, development, migration, differentiation and survival and of epithelial calcium ion transport. Regulates endochondral bone development and epithelial-mesenchymal interactions during the formation of the mammary glands and teeth. Required for skeletal homeostasis. Promotes mammary mesenchyme differentiation and bud outgrowth by modulating mesenchymal cell responsiveness to BMPs. Upregulates BMPR1A expression in the mammary mesenchyme and this increases the sensitivity of these cells to BMPs and allows them to respond to BMP4 in a paracrine and/or autocrine fashion. BMP4 signaling in the mesenchyme, in turn, triggers epithelial outgrowth and augments MSX2 expression, which causes the mammary mesenchyme to inhibit hair follicle formation within the nipple sheath (By similarity). Promotes colon cancer cell migration and invasion in an integrin alpha-6/beta-1-dependent manner through activation of Rac1. Osteostatin is a potent inhibitor of osteoclastic bone resorption. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the parathyroid hormone family. This hormone, via its receptor, PTHR1, regulates endochondral bone development and epithelial-mesenchymal interactions during the formation of the mammary glands and teeth. It is responsible for most cases of humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy, and mutations in this gene are associated with brachydactyly type E2 (BDE2). Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. There is also evidence for alternative translation initiation from non-AUG (CUG and GUG) start sites, downstream of the initiator AUG codon, resulting in nuclear forms of this hormone. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2013]

Uniprot Accession IDs

• P12272
• Q15251
• Q6FH74
• PTH-rP

Gene Name

• PTHLH

Ensembl ID

• ENST00000201015
• ENSP00000201015
• ENSG00000087494
• ENST00000395868
• ENSP00000379209
• ENST00000395872
• ENSP00000379213
• ENST00000535992
• ENSP00000440613
• ENST00000538310
• ENSP00000441890
• ENST00000539239
• ENSP00000441571
• ENST00000545234
• ENSP00000441765

Symbol

• PTHRP
• HHM
• PLP
• BDE2
• PTHR
• PTHRP

Knowledge Table

Most Knowledge About	Knowledge Value (0 to 1 scale)
gene perturbation	0.94
biological process	0.91
PubMedID	0.86
transcription factor perturbation	0.84
chemical	0.72

Protein Classes

No PANTHER Classes or DTO Classes found

IDG Development Level Summary

Tdark

These are targets about which virtually nothing is known. They do not have known drug or small molecule activities
- AND - satisfy two or more of the following criteria:

Pubmed score: 2435.06   (req: < 5)

Gene RIFs: 158   (req: <= 3)

Antibodies: 378   (req: <= 50)

Tbio

These targets do not have known drug or small molecule activities
- AND - satisfy two or more of the following criteria:

Pubmed score: 2435.06   (req: >= 5)

Gene RIFs: 158   (req: > 3)

Antibodies: 378   (req: > 50)

- OR - satisfy the following criterion:

Gene Ontology Terms: 16

Tchem

Target has at least one ChEMBL compound with an activity cutoff of < 30 nM - AND - satisfies the preceding conditions

Active Ligand: 0

Tclin

Target has at least one approved drug - AND - satisfies the preceding conditions

Active Drug: 0