Tchem CCL5 C-C motif chemokine 5

Protein Summary

Description

Chemoattractant for blood monocytes, memory T-helper cells and eosinophils. Causes the release of histamine from basophils and activates eosinophils. May activate several chemokine receptors including CCR1, CCR3, CCR4 and CCR5. One of the major HIV-suppressive factors produced by CD8+ T-cells. Recombinant RANTES protein induces a dose-dependent inhibition of different strains of HIV-1, HIV-2, and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). The processed form RANTES(3-68) acts as a natural chemotaxis inhibitor and is a more potent inhibitor of HIV-1-infection. The second processed form RANTES(4-68) exhibits reduced chemotactic and HIV-suppressive activity compared with RANTES(1-68) and RANTES(3-68) and is generated by an unidentified enzyme associated with monocytes and neutrophils (PubMed:16791620, PubMed:1380064, PubMed:8525373, PubMed:9516414, PubMed:15923218). May also be an agonist of the G protein-coupled receptor GPR75, stimulating inositol trisphosphate production and calcium mobilization through its activation. Together with GPR75, may play a role in neuron survival through activation of a downstream signaling pathway involving the PI3, Akt and MAP kinases. By activating GPR75 may also play a role in insulin secretion by islet cells (PubMed:23979485). This gene is one of several chemokine genes clustered on the q-arm of chromosome 17. Chemokines form a superfamily of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The superfamily is divided into four subfamilies based on the arrangement of the N-terminal cysteine residues of the mature peptide. This chemokine, a member of the CC subfamily, functions as a chemoattractant for blood monocytes, memory T helper cells and eosinophils. It causes the release of histamine from basophils and activates eosinophils. This cytokine is one of the major HIV-suppressive factors produced by CD8+ cells. It functions as one of the natural ligands for the chemokine receptor chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 5 (CCR5), and it suppresses in vitro replication of the R5 strains of HIV-1, which use CCR5 as a coreceptor. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants that encode different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]

Uniprot Accession IDs

• P13501
• O43646
• Q0QVW8
• Q4ZGJ1
• Q9NYA2
• Q9UBG2
• Q9UC99

Gene Name

• CCL5

Ensembl ID

• ENST00000603197
• ENSP00000474412
• ENSG00000271503
• ENST00000605140
• ENSP00000475057
• ENST00000613606
• ENSP00000479894
• ENSG00000274233
• ENST00000618639
• ENSP00000484921

Symbol

• D17S136E
• SCYA5
• SISd
• eoCP
• SCYA5
• RANTES
• TCP228
• D17S136E
• SIS-delta

Knowledge Table

Most Knowledge About	Knowledge Value (0 to 1 scale)
biological process	1
biological term	1
chemical	1
disease	1
molecular function	1

Protein Classes

PANTHER Classes

Protein / Signaling Molecule / Cytokine / Chemokine / C-c Motif Chemokine 5

DTO Classes

Protein / Signaling / Chemokine / C-c Motif Chemokine 5

IDG Development Level Summary

Tdark

These are targets about which virtually nothing is known. They do not have known drug or small molecule activities
- AND - satisfy two or more of the following criteria:

Pubmed score: 3345.93   (req: < 5)

Gene RIFs: 585   (req: <= 3)

Antibodies: 882   (req: <= 50)

Tbio

These targets do not have known drug or small molecule activities
- AND - satisfy two or more of the following criteria:

Pubmed score: 3345.93   (req: >= 5)

Gene RIFs: 585   (req: > 3)

Antibodies: 882   (req: > 50)

- OR - satisfy the following criterion:

Gene Ontology Terms: 79

Tchem

Target has at least one ChEMBL compound with an activity cutoff of < 30 nM - AND - satisfies the preceding conditions

Active Ligands: 27

Tclin

Target has at least one approved drug - AND - satisfies the preceding conditions

Active Drug: 0