Tbio PENK Proenkephalin-A

Protein Classes

PANTHER Classes

Protein / Signaling Molecule / Peptide Hormone / Neuropeptide / Proenkephalin-a

DTO Classes

Protein / Signaling / Hormone / Neuropeptide / Proenkephalin-a

Protein Summary

Description

Met- and Leu-enkephalins compete with and mimic the effects of opiate drugs. They play a role in a number of physiologic functions, including pain perception and responses to stress. PENK(114-133) and PENK(237-258) increase glutamate release in the striatum. PENK(114-133) decreases GABA concentration in the striatum. This gene encodes a preproprotein that is proteolytically processed to generate multiple protein products. These products include the pentapeptide opioids Met-enkephalin and Leu-enkephalin, which are stored in synaptic vesicles, then released into the synapse where they bind to mu- and delta-opioid receptors to modulate the perception of pain. Other non-opioid cleavage products may function in distinct biological activities. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2015]

Uniprot Accession IDs

• P01210
• B2RC23
• Q6FHC6
• Q6FHE6

Gene Name

• PENK

Ensembl ID

• ENST00000314922
• ENSP00000324248
• ENSG00000181195
• ENST00000451791
• ENSP00000400894

Symbol

• PE
• PENK-A

Knowledge Table

Most Knowledge About	Knowledge Value (0 to 1 scale)
gene perturbation	0.92
PubMedID	0.79
disease perturbation	0.68
transcription factor perturbation	0.68
transcription factor binding site profile	0.65

Related Tools

Target Illumination GWAS Analytics (TIGA)

TIGA scores and ranks GWAS discovered associations according to the quantity and quality of the evidence supporting the association.

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GENEVA

GENEVA (GENe Expression Variance Analysis) allows you to identify RNA-sequencing datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) that contain conditions modulating a gene or a gene signature.

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GlyGen

GlyGen is a data integration and dissemination project for carbohydrate and glycoconjugate related data.

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IDG Development Level Summary

Tdark

These are targets about which virtually nothing is known. They do not have known drug or small molecule activities
- AND - satisfy two or more of the following criteria:

Pubmed score: 1292.16   (req: < 5)

Gene RIFs: 32   (req: <= 3)

Antibodies: 366   (req: <= 50)

Tbio

These targets do not have known drug or small molecule activities
- AND - satisfy two or more of the following criteria:

Pubmed score: 1292.16   (req: >= 5)

Gene RIFs: 32   (req: > 3)

Antibodies: 366   (req: > 50)

- OR - satisfy the following criterion:

Gene Ontology Terms: 32

Tchem

Target has at least one ChEMBL compound with an activity cutoff of < 30 nM - AND - satisfies the preceding conditions

Active Ligand: 0

Tclin

Target has at least one approved drug - AND - satisfies the preceding conditions

Active Drug: 0

GWAS Traits (6)

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GWAS Trait	EFO ID	Study Count	SNP Count	Beta Count	Odds Ratio	Evidence (Mean Rank Score)	Provenance
BMI-adjusted hip circumference	EFO_0008039	2	2	4		73.2
self reported educational attainment	EFO_0004784	1	1	1		60.2
household income	EFO_0009695	1	2	2		36.5
alcohol use disorder measurement	EFO_0009458	1	1	0	5.8	26.1
body height	EFO_0004339	1	1	1		12.6

• Explore on Target Illumination GWAS Analytics (TIGA)

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GWAS Trait	EFO ID	Beta Count	Odds Ratio	Evidence (Mean Rank Score)	Provenance
BMI-adjusted hip circumference	EFO_0008039	4		73.2
self reported educational attainment	EFO_0004784	1		60.2
household income	EFO_0009695	2		36.5
alcohol use disorder measurement	EFO_0009458	0	5.8	26.1
body height	EFO_0004339	1		12.6

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Orthologs (13)

1 – 5 of 13

Species	Name	Source ID	Gene ID	OMA	EggNOG	Inparanoid
Chimp	proenkephalin	VGNC:819	464186
Macaque	proenkephalin		696649
Mouse	preproenkephalin	MGI:104629	18619
Rat	proenkephalin	RGD:68946	29237
Dog	proenkephalin	VGNC:54116	100687307

Species	Name	OMA	EggNOG	Inparanoid
Chimp	proenkephalin
Macaque	proenkephalin
Mouse	preproenkephalin
Rat	proenkephalin
Dog	proenkephalin

Protein Structure (5 Structures, 1 AlphaFold Model)

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Representation

  axes   backbone   ball+stick   cartoon   rocket   rope   spacefill

Color Scheme

  target   atomindex   bfactor   chainname   electrostatic   element   hydrophobicity   resname   sstruc

Click on a row in the table to change the structure displayed.
More information can be found at RCSB PDB

AF-P01210-F1-model_v1

AlphaFold Structures Developed by DeepMind and EMBL-EBI

1 – 5 of 5

PDB Structure Id	Ligand	Method	Resolution (Å)	Residues	Fraction of Total Protein	Pub Year	Title

PDB Structure Id	Fraction of Total Protein	Resolution	Pub Year

Pathways (15)

Reactome (11)

KEGG (1)

PathwayCommons (3)

Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors) (R-HSA-373076)

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Data Source	Name	Explore in Pharos	Explore in Source
Reactome	Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)	323 targets	R-HSA-373076
Reactome	G alpha (i) signalling events	408 targets	R-HSA-418594
Reactome	GPCR downstream signalling	1152 targets	R-HSA-388396
Reactome	GPCR ligand binding	460 targets	R-HSA-500792
Reactome	Metabolism of proteins	2050 targets	R-HSA-392499

Name	Explore in Pharos	Explore in Source
Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)	323 targets	R-HSA-373076
G alpha (i) signalling events	408 targets	R-HSA-418594
GPCR downstream signalling	1152 targets	R-HSA-388396
GPCR ligand binding	460 targets	R-HSA-500792
Metabolism of proteins	2050 targets	R-HSA-392499

Gene Ontology Terms (43)

Functions (2)

Components (11)

Processes (30)

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Items per page:

10

1 – 2 of 2

GO Term	Evidence	Assigned by
neuropeptide hormone activity	Traceable Author Statement (TAS)	ProtInc
opioid peptide activity	Inferred from Electronic Annotation (IEA)	UniProtKB-KW

Protein-Protein Interactions (400)

Explore Interacting Targets

1 – 10 of 400

• See Interactions on String-DB

ANAPC1

Tbio

Family:  Enzyme

Novelty:  0.0521845

p_int:  0.99989494

p_ni:  0.00010506

Score:  0.189

Data Source:  BioPlex,STRINGDB

ANAPC4

Tbio

Family:  Enzyme

Novelty:  0.28937094

p_int:  0.999804484

p_ni:  0.000195513

p_wrong:  2e-9

Score:  0.209

Data Source:  BioPlex,STRINGDB

CDC26

Tbio

Family:  Enzyme

Novelty:  0.07456358

p_int:  0.999783383

p_ni:  0.000186966

p_wrong:  0.000029651

Score:  0.261

Data Source:  BioPlex,STRINGDB

CDC23

Tbio

Novelty:  0.0168525

p_int:  0.998173061

p_ni:  0.001826937

p_wrong:  1e-9

Score:  0.204

Data Source:  BioPlex,STRINGDB

ANAPC5

Tbio

Family:  Enzyme

Novelty:  0.02102572

p_int:  0.997776653

p_ni:  0.002223347

Score:  0.204

Data Source:  BioPlex,STRINGDB

CDC27

Tbio

Novelty:  0.00589846

p_int:  0.996952137

p_ni:  0.003047859

p_wrong:  4e-9

Score:  0.169

Data Source:  BioPlex,STRINGDB

OPRM1

Tclin

Family:  GPCR

Novelty:  0.0003701

Score:  0.992

Data Source:  STRINGDB

OPRK1

Tclin

Family:  GPCR

Novelty:  0.00171044

Score:  0.979

Data Source:  STRINGDB

POMC

Tbio

Novelty:  0.00002436

Score:  0.976

Data Source:  STRINGDB

OPRD1

Tclin

Family:  GPCR

Novelty:  0.00757692

Score:  0.976

Data Source:  STRINGDB

Publication Statistics

PubMed Score  1292.16

PubMed score by year

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PubTator Score  327.83

PubTator score by year

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Amino Acid Sequence

Residue Counts

Protein Sequence

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UniProt Keyword Find Similar Targets

No Header	No Header
3D-structure
Cleavage on pair of basic residues
Complete proteome
Disulfide bond
Endorphin
Neuropeptide
Opioid peptide
Phosphoprotein
Polymorphism
Reference proteome

GWAS Trait Find Similar Targets

No Header	No Header
alcohol use disorder measurement
appendicular lean mass
BMI-adjusted hip circumference
body height
household income
self reported educational attainment

MGI Phenotype Find Similar Targets

No Header	No Header
behavior/neurological phenotype
endocrine/exocrine gland phenotype
growth/size/body region phenotype
homeostasis/metabolism phenotype
integument phenotype
mortality/aging
reproductive system phenotype