Tbio AP2A2 AP-2 complex subunit alpha-2

Protein Summary

Description

Component of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2). Adaptor protein complexes function in protein transport via transport vesicles in different membrane traffic pathways. Adaptor protein complexes are vesicle coat components and appear to be involved in cargo selection and vesicle formation. AP-2 is involved in clathrin-dependent endocytosis in which cargo proteins are incorporated into vesicles surrounded by clathrin (clathrin-coated vesicles, CCVs) which are destined for fusion with the early endosome. The clathrin lattice serves as a mechanical scaffold but is itself unable to bind directly to membrane components. Clathrin-associated adaptor protein (AP) complexes which can bind directly to both the clathrin lattice and to the lipid and protein components of membranes are considered to be the major clathrin adaptors contributing the CCV formation. AP-2 also serves as a cargo receptor to selectively sort the membrane proteins involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis. AP-2 seems to play a role in the recycling of synaptic vesicle membranes from the presynaptic surface. AP-2 recognizes Y-X-X-[FILMV] (Y-X-X-Phi) and [ED]-X-X-X-L-[LI] endocytosis signal motifs within the cytosolic tails of transmembrane cargo molecules. AP-2 may also play a role in maintaining normal post-endocytic trafficking through the ARF6-regulated, non-clathrin pathway. The AP-2 alpha subunit binds polyphosphoinositide-containing lipids, positioning AP-2 on the membrane. The AP-2 alpha subunit acts via its C-terminal appendage domain as a scaffolding platform for endocytic accessory proteins. The AP-2 alpha and AP-2 sigma subunits are thought to contribute to the recognition of the [ED]-X-X-X-L-[LI] motif (By similarity). The protein encoded by this gene is a subunit of the AP-2 adaptor protein complex, which is involved in linking lipid and protein membrane components with the clathrin lattice. This interaction supports the formation of clathrin-coated vesicles, and the encoded subunit aids in the process by binding polyphosphoinositide-containing lipids in the cell membrane. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2016]

Uniprot Accession IDs

• O94973
• O75403
• Q53ET1
• Q96SI8

Gene Name

• AP2A2

Ensembl ID

• ENST00000332231
• ENSP00000327694
• ENSG00000183020
• ENST00000448903
• ENSP00000413234
• ENST00000528815
• ENSP00000431630

Symbol

• ADTAB
• CLAPA2
• HIP9
• HYPJ
• KIAA0899
• HIP9
• HYPJ
• ADTAB
• HIP-9
• CLAPA2

Knowledge Table

Most Knowledge About	Knowledge Value (0 to 1 scale)
disease perturbation	1
protein domain	1
interacting protein	0.98
transcription factor perturbation	0.96
virus perturbation	0.85

Protein Classes

PANTHER Classes

Protein / Transmembrane Receptor Regulatory/adaptor Protein / Ap-2 Complex Subunit Alpha-2

DTO Classes

Protein / Receptor / Ap-2 Complex Subunit Alpha-2

IDG Development Level Summary

Tdark

These are targets about which virtually nothing is known. They do not have known drug or small molecule activities
- AND - satisfy two or more of the following criteria:

Pubmed score: 13.47   (req: < 5)

Gene RIFs: 8   (req: <= 3)

Antibodies: 187   (req: <= 50)

Tbio

These targets do not have known drug or small molecule activities
- AND - satisfy two or more of the following criteria:

Pubmed score: 13.47   (req: >= 5)

Gene RIFs: 8   (req: > 3)

Antibodies: 187   (req: > 50)

- OR - satisfy the following criterion:

Gene Ontology Terms: 14

Tchem

Target has at least one ChEMBL compound with an activity cutoff of < 30 nM - AND - satisfies the preceding conditions

Active Ligand: 0

Tclin

Target has at least one approved drug - AND - satisfies the preceding conditions

Active Drug: 0