Tbio GMNN Geminin

Protein Summary

Description

Inhibits DNA replication by preventing the incorporation of MCM complex into pre-replication complex (pre-RC). It is degraded during the mitotic phase of the cell cycle. Its destruction at the metaphase-anaphase transition permits replication in the succeeding cell cycle. Inhibits the transcriptional activity of a subset of Hox proteins, enrolling them in cell proliferative control. This gene encodes a protein that plays a critical role in cell cycle regulation. The encoded protein inhibits DNA replication by binding to DNA replication factor Cdt1, preventing the incorporation of minichromosome maintenance proteins into the pre-replication complex. The encoded protein is expressed during the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle and is degraded by the anaphase-promoting complex during the metaphase-anaphase transition. Increased expression of this gene may play a role in several malignancies including colon, rectal and breast cancer. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed for this gene, and two pseudogenes of this gene are located on the short arm of chromosome 16. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2011]

Uniprot Accession IDs

• O75496
• B3KMM8
• Q9H1Z1

Gene Name

• GMNN

Ensembl ID

• ENST00000230056
• ENSP00000230056
• ENSG00000112312
• ENST00000356509
• ENSP00000348902
• ENST00000620958
• ENSP00000477506

Symbol

• Gem
• MGORS6

Knowledge Table

Most Knowledge About	Knowledge Value (0 to 1 scale)
PubMedID	0.92
transcription factor perturbation	0.84
transcription factor binding site profile	0.81
co-expressed gene	0.79
kinase perturbation	0.76

Protein Classes

No PANTHER Classes or DTO Classes found

IDG Development Level Summary

Tdark

These are targets about which virtually nothing is known. They do not have known drug or small molecule activities
- AND - satisfy two or more of the following criteria:

Pubmed score: 257.28   (req: < 5)

Gene RIFs: 58   (req: <= 3)

Antibodies: 366   (req: <= 50)

Tbio

These targets do not have known drug or small molecule activities
- AND - satisfy two or more of the following criteria:

Pubmed score: 257.28   (req: >= 5)

Gene RIFs: 58   (req: > 3)

Antibodies: 366   (req: > 50)

- OR - satisfy the following criterion:

Gene Ontology Terms: 13

Tchem

Target has at least one ChEMBL compound with an activity cutoff of < 30 nM - AND - satisfies the preceding conditions

Active Ligand: 0

Tclin

Target has at least one approved drug - AND - satisfies the preceding conditions

Active Drug: 0

Protein Sequence and Structure

Residue Counts

Protein Sequence

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Expression Data (0 Tissues)

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No expression data found

Related Tools

Target Illumination GWAS Analytics (TIGA)

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GENEVA

GENEVA (GENe Expression Variance Analysis) allows you to identify RNA-sequencing datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) that contain conditions modulating a gene or a gene signature.

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GlyGen

GlyGen is a data integration and dissemination project for carbohydrate and glycoconjugate related data.

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ARCHS4

ARCHS4 provides access to gene-function predictions based on RNA-seq co-expression, and gene expression levels across cell and tissues.

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Approved Drugs (0)

No approved drugs found

Active Ligands (0)

No active ligands found

Protein-Protein Interactions (278)

Explore Interacting Targets

1 – 10 of 278

• See Interactions on String-DB

CCNA2

Tchem

Novelty:  0.00049887

p_int:  0.999999999

p_ni:  1e-9

Score:  0.943

Data Source:  BioPlex,STRINGDB

CDT1

Tbio

Novelty:  0.00398013

p_int:  0.999999982

p_ni:  1.6e-8

p_wrong:  2e-9

Score:  0.999

Data Source:  BioPlex,Reactome,STRINGDB

NPHP3

Tbio

Novelty:  0.02857926

p_int:  0.99999989

p_ni:  1.1e-7

Data Source:  BioPlex

MID2

Tbio

Family:  Enzyme

Novelty:  0.01349913

p_int:  0.999999528

p_ni:  4.69e-7

p_wrong:  3e-9

Score:  0.186

Data Source:  BioPlex,STRINGDB

E2F5

Tbio

Family:  TF

Novelty:  0.00674159

p_int:  0.999999516

p_ni:  4.62e-7

p_wrong:  2.2e-8

Score:  0.407

Data Source:  BioPlex,STRINGDB

MSL1

Tbio

Novelty:  3.71231442

p_int:  0.999998826

p_ni:  5.28e-7

p_wrong:  6.46e-7

Data Source:  BioPlex

CKS1B

Tbio

Family:  Enzyme

Novelty:  0.00766779

p_int:  0.999998686

p_ni:  0.000001314

Score:  0.869

Data Source:  BioPlex,STRINGDB

CDK2

Tchem

Family:  Kinase

Novelty:  0.00032118

p_int:  0.999996265

p_ni:  0.000003735

Score:  0.876

Data Source:  BioPlex,STRINGDB

STN1

Tbio

Novelty:  0.01309587

p_int:  0.999989292

p_ni:  0.000010708

Score:  0.417

Data Source:  BioPlex,STRINGDB

MTMR1

Tbio

Family:  Enzyme

Novelty:  0.06694505

p_int:  0.999986361

p_ni:  0.000013639

Data Source:  BioPlex

Nearest Tclin Targets

Nearest Tclin calculations are only available for targets with KEGG Pathway annotations.

Pathways (10)

Reactome (9)

WikiPathways (1)

Activation of the pre-replicative complex (R-HSA-68962)

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5

1 – 5 of 9

Data Source	Name	Explore in Pharos	Explore in Source
Reactome	Activation of the pre-replicative complex	33 targets	R-HSA-68962
Reactome	Assembly of the pre-replicative complex	69 targets	R-HSA-68867
Reactome	CDT1 association with the CDC6:ORC:origin complex	60 targets	R-HSA-68827
Reactome	Cell Cycle	597 targets	R-HSA-1640170
Reactome	Cell Cycle, Mitotic	495 targets	R-HSA-69278

Name	Explore in Pharos	Explore in Source
Activation of the pre-replicative complex	33 targets	R-HSA-68962
Assembly of the pre-replicative complex	69 targets	R-HSA-68867
CDT1 association with the CDC6:ORC:origin complex	60 targets	R-HSA-68827
Cell Cycle	597 targets	R-HSA-1640170
Cell Cycle, Mitotic	495 targets	R-HSA-69278

Viral Interactions (0)

No viral interactions found

Gene Ontology Terms (17)

Functions (4)

Components (4)

Processes (9)

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10

1 – 4 of 4

GO Term	Evidence	Assigned by
chromatin binding	Inferred from Direct Assay (IDA)	CAFA
histone deacetylase binding	Inferred from Physical Interaction (IPI)	UniProtKB
repressing transcription factor binding	Inferred from Electronic Annotation (IEA)	Ensembl
transcription corepressor activity	Inferred from Electronic Annotation (IEA)	Ensembl

Disease Associations ()

No disease associations found

GWAS Traits (6)

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5

1 – 5 of 6

GWAS Trait	EFO ID	Study Count	SNP Count	Beta Count	Odds Ratio	Evidence (Mean Rank Score)	Provenance
lymphocyte percentage of leukocytes	EFO_0007993	2	1	2		83.5
lymphocyte count	EFO_0004587	2	1	2		80.6
neutrophil percentage of leukocytes	EFO_0007990	2	1	2		80.3
HbA1c measurement	EFO_0004541	1	1	1		52.4
neutrophil count	EFO_0004833	1	1	1		42.3

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5

1 – 5 of 6

GWAS Trait	EFO ID	Beta Count	Odds Ratio	Evidence (Mean Rank Score)	Provenance
lymphocyte percentage of leukocytes	EFO_0007993	2		83.5
lymphocyte count	EFO_0004587	2		80.6
neutrophil percentage of leukocytes	EFO_0007990	2		80.3
HbA1c measurement	EFO_0004541	1		52.4
neutrophil count	EFO_0004833	1		42.3

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Find similar targets by:

UniProt Keyword Find Similar Targets

No Header	No Header
3D-structure
Acetylation
Cell cycle
Coiled coil
Complete proteome
Cytoplasm
Disease mutation
DNA replication inhibitor
Dwarfism
Nucleus

GWAS Trait Find Similar Targets

No Header	No Header
HbA1c measurement
lymphocyte count
lymphocyte percentage of leukocytes
neutrophil count
neutrophil percentage of leukocytes
testosterone measurement

MGI Phenotype Find Similar Targets

No Header	No Header
cellular phenotype
embryo phenotype
endocrine/exocrine gland phenotype
hematopoietic system phenotype
homeostasis/metabolism phenotype
immune system phenotype
mortality/aging
reproductive system phenotype
vision/eye phenotype

IDG Resources

No IDG generated resources found

Orthologs (13)

1 – 5 of 13

Species	Name	Source ID	Gene ID	OMA	EggNOG	Inparanoid
Chimp	geminin, DNA replication inhibitor	VGNC:7891	462477
Macaque	geminin, DNA replication inhibitor		708416
Mouse	geminin	MGI:1927344	57441
Rat	geminin, DNA replication inhibitor	RGD:1308137	291137
Dog	geminin, DNA replication inhibitor	VGNC:41291	478739

Species	Name	OMA	EggNOG	Inparanoid
Chimp	geminin, DNA replication inhibitor
Macaque	geminin, DNA replication inhibitor
Mouse	geminin
Rat	geminin, DNA replication inhibitor
Dog	geminin, DNA replication inhibitor

Publication Statistics

PubMed Score 257.28

PubMed score by year

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PubTator Score 142.49

PubTator score by year

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Related Publications

Text Mined References (87)

GeneRif Annotations (58)

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PMID	Year	Title