Tchem FADS1 Acyl-CoA (8-3)-desaturase

Protein Summary

Description

Isoform 1: Acts as a front-end fatty acyl-coenzyme A (CoA) desaturase that introduces a cis double bond at carbon 5 located between a preexisting double bond and the carboxyl end of the fatty acyl chain. Involved in biosynthesis of highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) from the essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) linoleic acid (LA) (18:2n-6) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) (18:3n-3) precursors. Specifically, desaturates dihomo-gamma-linoleoate (DGLA) (20:3n-6) and eicosatetraenoate (ETA) (20:4n-3) to generate arachidonate (AA) (20:4n-6) and eicosapentaenoate (EPA) (20:5n-3), respectively (PubMed:10601301, PubMed:10769175). As a rate limiting enzyme for DGLA (20:3n-6) and AA (20:4n-6)-derived eicosanoid biosynthesis, controls the metabolism of inflammatory lipids like prostaglandin E2, critical for efficient acute inflammatory response and maintenance of epithelium homeostasis. Contributes to membrane phospholipid biosynthesis by providing AA (20:4n-6) as a major acyl chain esterified into phospholipids. In particular, regulates phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate levels, modulating inflammatory cytokine production in T-cells (By similarity). Also desaturates (11E)-octadecenoate (trans-vaccenoate)(18:1n-9), a metabolite in the biohydrogenation pathway of LA (18:2n-6) (By similarity). Isoform 2: Does not exhibit any catalytic activity toward 20:3n-6, but it may enhance FADS2 activity. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) gene family. Desaturase enzymes regulate unsaturation of fatty acids through the introduction of double bonds between defined carbons of the fatty acyl chain. FADS family members are considered fusion products composed of an N-terminal cytochrome b5-like domain and a C-terminal multiple membrane-spanning desaturase portion, both of which are characterized by conserved histidine motifs. This gene is clustered with family members FADS1 and FADS2 at 11q12-q13.1; this cluster is thought to have arisen evolutionarily from gene duplication based on its similar exon/intron organization. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Uniprot Accession IDs

• O60427
• A8K0I7
• B2RAI0
• Q53GM5
• Q8N3A6
• Q8NCC7
• Q8NCG0
• Q96I39
• Q96SV3
• Q96T10
• Q9NRP8
• Q9NYX1

Gene Name

• FADS1

Ensembl ID

• ENST00000433932
• ENSP00000405087
• ENSG00000149485
• ENST00000542506
• ENSP00000441403

Symbol

• FADSD5
• D5D
• TU12
• FADS6
• FADSD5
• LLCDL1

Knowledge Table

Most Knowledge About	Knowledge Value (0 to 1 scale)
disease perturbation	1
trait	1
transcription factor perturbation	1
disease	0.9
transcription factor binding site profile	0.85

Protein Classes

No PANTHER Classes or DTO Classes found

IDG Development Level Summary

Tdark

These are targets about which virtually nothing is known. They do not have known drug or small molecule activities
- AND - satisfy two or more of the following criteria:

Pubmed score: 750.07   (req: < 5)

Gene RIFs: 163   (req: <= 3)

Antibodies: 252   (req: <= 50)

Tbio

These targets do not have known drug or small molecule activities
- AND - satisfy two or more of the following criteria:

Pubmed score: 750.07   (req: >= 5)

Gene RIFs: 163   (req: > 3)

Antibodies: 252   (req: > 50)

- OR - satisfy the following criterion:

Gene Ontology Terms: 13

Tchem

Target has at least one ChEMBL compound with an activity cutoff of < 30 nM - AND - satisfies the preceding conditions

Active Ligands: 44

Tclin

Target has at least one approved drug - AND - satisfies the preceding conditions

Active Drug: 0