Tchem GAPDH Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

Protein Summary

Description

Has both glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and nitrosylase activities, thereby playing a role in glycolysis and nuclear functions, respectively. Participates in nuclear events including transcription, RNA transport, DNA replication and apoptosis. Nuclear functions are probably due to the nitrosylase activity that mediates cysteine S-nitrosylation of nuclear target proteins such as SIRT1, HDAC2 and PRKDC. Modulates the organization and assembly of the cytoskeleton. Facilitates the CHP1-dependent microtubule and membrane associations through its ability to stimulate the binding of CHP1 to microtubules (By similarity). Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is a key enzyme in glycolysis that catalyzes the first step of the pathway by converting D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) into 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate. Component of the GAIT (gamma interferon-activated inhibitor of translation) complex which mediates interferon-gamma-induced transcript-selective translation inhibition in inflammation processes. Upon interferon-gamma treatment assembles into the GAIT complex which binds to stem loop-containing GAIT elements in the 3'-UTR of diverse inflammatory mRNAs (such as ceruplasmin) and suppresses their translation. This gene encodes a member of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase protein family. The encoded protein has been identified as a moonlighting protein based on its ability to perform mechanistically distinct functions. The product of this gene catalyzes an important energy-yielding step in carbohydrate metabolism, the reversible oxidative phosphorylation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate in the presence of inorganic phosphate and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). The encoded protein has additionally been identified to have uracil DNA glycosylase activity in the nucleus. Also, this protein contains a peptide that has antimicrobial activity against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and C. albicans. Studies of a similar protein in mouse have assigned a variety of additional functions including nitrosylation of nuclear proteins, the regulation of mRNA stability, and acting as a transferrin receptor on the cell surface of macrophage. Many pseudogenes similar to this locus are present in the human genome. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2014]

Uniprot Accession IDs

• P04406
• E7EUT4
• P00354
• Q53X65
• GAPDH

Gene Name

• GAPDH

Ensembl ID

• ENST00000229239
• ENSP00000229239
• ENSG00000111640
• ENST00000396858
• ENSP00000380067
• ENST00000396859
• ENSP00000380068
• ENST00000396861
• ENSP00000380070
• ENST00000619601
• ENSP00000478864

Symbol

• GAPD
• G3PD
• GAPD
• HEL-S-162eP

Knowledge Table

Most Knowledge About	Knowledge Value (0 to 1 scale)
disease perturbation	1
hub protein	1
interacting protein	1
chemical	0.96
kinase perturbation	0.95

Protein Classes

PANTHER Classes

Protein / Oxidoreductase / Dehydrogenase / Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Dehydrogenase

DTO Classes

Protein / Enzyme / Oxidoreductase / Dehydrogenase / Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Dehydrogenase

IDG Development Level Summary

Tdark

These are targets about which virtually nothing is known. They do not have known drug or small molecule activities
- AND - satisfy two or more of the following criteria:

Pubmed score: 14926.63   (req: < 5)

Gene RIFs: 167   (req: <= 3)

Antibodies: 2468   (req: <= 50)

Tbio

These targets do not have known drug or small molecule activities
- AND - satisfy two or more of the following criteria:

Pubmed score: 14926.63   (req: >= 5)

Gene RIFs: 167   (req: > 3)

Antibodies: 2468   (req: > 50)

- OR - satisfy the following criterion:

Gene Ontology Terms: 25

Tchem

Target has at least one ChEMBL compound with an activity cutoff of < 30 nM - AND - satisfies the preceding conditions

Active Ligands: 5

Tclin

Target has at least one approved drug - AND - satisfies the preceding conditions

Active Drug: 0