Tchem ARG1 Arginase-1

Protein Summary

Description

Key element of the urea cycle converting L-arginine to urea and L-ornithine, which is further metabolized into metabolites proline and polyamides that drive collagen synthesis and bioenergetic pathways critical for cell proliferation, respectively; the urea cycle takes place primarily in the liver and, to a lesser extent, in the kidneys. Functions in L-arginine homeostasis in nonhepatic tissues characterized by the competition between nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and arginase for the available intracellular substrate arginine. Arginine metabolism is a critical regulator of innate and adaptive immune responses. Involved in an antimicrobial effector pathway in polymorphonuclear granulocytes (PMN). Upon PMN cell death is liberated from the phagolysosome and depletes arginine in the microenvironment leading to suppressed T cell and natural killer (NK) cell proliferation and cytokine secretion (PubMed:15546957, PubMed:16709924, PubMed:19380772). In group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) promotes acute type 2 inflammation in the lung and is involved in optimal ILC2 proliferation but not survival (By similarity). In humans, the immunological role in the monocytic/macrophage/dendritic cell (DC) lineage is unsure. Arginase catalyzes the hydrolysis of arginine to ornithine and urea. At least two isoforms of mammalian arginase exist (types I and II) which differ in their tissue distribution, subcellular localization, immunologic crossreactivity and physiologic function. The type I isoform encoded by this gene, is a cytosolic enzyme and expressed predominantly in the liver as a component of the urea cycle. Inherited deficiency of this enzyme results in argininemia, an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by hyperammonemia. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2011]

Uniprot Accession IDs

• P05089
• A6NEA0
• Q5JWT5
• Q5JWT6
• Q8TE72
• Q9BS50

Gene Name

• ARG1

Ensembl ID

• ENST00000356962
• ENSP00000349446
• ENSG00000118520
• ENST00000368087
• ENSP00000357066
• ENST00000640973
• ENSP00000492623

Knowledge Table

Most Knowledge About	Knowledge Value (0 to 1 scale)
gene perturbation	0.98
biological process	0.97
interacting protein	0.81
biological term	0.76
chemical	0.73

Protein Classes

PANTHER Classes

Protein / Hydrolase / Arginase-1

DTO Classes

Protein / Enzyme / Hydrolase / Arginase-1

IDG Development Level Summary

Tdark

These are targets about which virtually nothing is known. They do not have known drug or small molecule activities
- AND - satisfy two or more of the following criteria:

Pubmed score: 1849.97   (req: < 5)

Gene RIFs: 167   (req: <= 3)

Antibodies: 1071   (req: <= 50)

Tbio

These targets do not have known drug or small molecule activities
- AND - satisfy two or more of the following criteria:

Pubmed score: 1849.97   (req: >= 5)

Gene RIFs: 167   (req: > 3)

Antibodies: 1071   (req: > 50)

- OR - satisfy the following criterion:

Gene Ontology Terms: 40

Tchem

Target has at least one ChEMBL compound with an activity cutoff of < 30 nM - AND - satisfies the preceding conditions

Active Ligands: 153

Tclin

Target has at least one approved drug - AND - satisfies the preceding conditions

Active Drug: 0