Tbio APEX2 DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase 2

Protein Summary

Description

Function as a weak apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endodeoxyribonuclease in the DNA base excision repair (BER) pathway of DNA lesions induced by oxidative and alkylating agents. Initiates repair of AP sites in DNA by catalyzing hydrolytic incision of the phosphodiester backbone immediately adjacent to the damage, generating a single-strand break with 5'-deoxyribose phosphate and 3'-hydroxyl ends. Displays also double-stranded DNA 3'-5' exonuclease, 3'-phosphodiesterase activities. Shows robust 3'-5' exonuclease activity on 3'-recessed heteroduplex DNA and is able to remove mismatched nucleotides preferentially. Shows fairly strong 3'-phosphodiesterase activity involved in the removal of 3'-damaged termini formed in DNA by oxidative agents. In the nucleus functions in the PCNA-dependent BER pathway. Required for somatic hypermutation (SHM) and DNA cleavage step of class switch recombination (CSR) of immunoglobulin genes. Required for proper cell cycle progression during proliferation of peripheral lymphocytes. Apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites occur frequently in DNA molecules by spontaneous hydrolysis, by DNA damaging agents or by DNA glycosylases that remove specific abnormal bases. AP sites are pre-mutagenic lesions that can prevent normal DNA replication so the cell contains systems to identify and repair such sites. Class II AP endonucleases cleave the phosphodiester backbone 5' to the AP site. This gene encodes a protein shown to have a weak class II AP endonuclease activity. Most of the encoded protein is located in the nucleus but some is also present in mitochondria. This protein may play an important role in both nuclear and mitochondrial base excision repair. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2012]

Uniprot Accession IDs

• Q9UBZ4
• Q9Y5X7

Gene Name

• APEX2

Ensembl ID

• ENST00000374987
• ENSP00000364126
• ENSG00000169188

Symbol

• APE2
• APEXL2
• XTH2
• APE2
• XTH2
• ZGRF2
• APEXL2

Knowledge Table

Most Knowledge About	Knowledge Value (0 to 1 scale)
hub protein	0.97
molecular function	0.91
histone modification site profile	0.89
cellular component	0.62
tissue sample	0.6

Protein Classes

No PANTHER Classes or DTO Classes found

IDG Development Level Summary

Tdark

These are targets about which virtually nothing is known. They do not have known drug or small molecule activities
- AND - satisfy two or more of the following criteria:

Pubmed score: 40.7   (req: < 5)

Gene RIFs: 13   (req: <= 3)

Antibodies: 151   (req: <= 50)

Tbio

These targets do not have known drug or small molecule activities
- AND - satisfy two or more of the following criteria:

Pubmed score: 40.7   (req: >= 5)

Gene RIFs: 13   (req: > 3)

Antibodies: 151   (req: > 50)

- OR - satisfy the following criterion:

Gene Ontology Terms: 10

Tchem

Target has at least one ChEMBL compound with an activity cutoff of < 30 nM - AND - satisfies the preceding conditions

Active Ligand: 0

Tclin

Target has at least one approved drug - AND - satisfies the preceding conditions

Active Drug: 0