| Tchem | Spermine oxidase |
Flavoenzyme which catalyzes the oxidation of spermine to spermidine. Can also use N(1)-acetylspermine and spermidine as substrates, with different affinity depending on the isoform (isozyme) and on the experimental conditions. Plays an important role in the regulation of polyamine intracellular concentration and has the potential to act as a determinant of cellular sensitivity to the antitumor polyamine analogs. May contribute to beta-alanine production via aldehyde dehydrogenase conversion of 3-amino-propanal.
Polyamines are ubiquitous polycationic alkylamines which include spermine, spermidine, putrescine, and agmatine. These molecules participate in a broad range of cellular functions which include cell cycle modulation, scavenging reactive oxygen species, and the control of gene expression. These molecules also play important roles in neurotransmission through their regulation of cell-surface receptor activity, involvement in intracellular signalling pathways, and their putative roles as neurotransmitters. This gene encodes an FAD-containing enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of spermine to spermadine and secondarily produces hydrogen peroxide. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoenzymes have been identified for this gene, some of which have failed to demonstrate significant oxidase activity on natural polyamine substrates. The characterized isoenzymes have distinctive biochemical characteristics and substrate specificities, suggesting the existence of additional levels of complexity in polyamine catabolism. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2012]
Polyamines are ubiquitous polycationic alkylamines which include spermine, spermidine, putrescine, and agmatine. These molecules participate in a broad range of cellular functions which include cell cycle modulation, scavenging reactive oxygen species, and the control of gene expression. These molecules also play important roles in neurotransmission through their regulation of cell-surface receptor activity, involvement in intracellular signalling pathways, and their putative roles as neurotransmitters. This gene encodes an FAD-containing enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of spermine to spermadine and secondarily produces hydrogen peroxide. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoenzymes have been identified for this gene, some of which have failed to demonstrate significant oxidase activity on natural polyamine substrates. The characterized isoenzymes have distinctive biochemical characteristics and substrate specificities, suggesting the existence of additional levels of complexity in polyamine catabolism. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2012]
Comments
Property Summary
| NCBI Gene PubMed Count | 33 |
| Grant Count | 105 |
| R01 Count | 57 |
| Funding | $12,893,969.42 |
| PubMed Score | 1086.16 |
| PubTator Score | 104.65 |
| Disease | log2 FC | p |
|---|---|---|
| malignant mesothelioma | -1.500 | 0.000 |
| oligodendroglioma | 1.200 | 0.032 |
| psoriasis | 1.800 | 0.000 |
| osteosarcoma | 1.141 | 0.027 |
| posterior fossa group B ependymoma | 1.300 | 0.000 |
| group 3 medulloblastoma | -1.500 | 0.000 |
| atypical teratoid / rhabdoid tumor | -1.100 | 0.000 |
| glioblastoma | -1.100 | 0.001 |
| medulloblastoma, large-cell | -1.300 | 0.000 |
| adult high grade glioma | -1.200 | 0.000 |
| non primary Sjogren syndrome sicca | 1.100 | 0.014 |
| PMID | Text |
|---|---|
| 26895301 | effect of Tat on Nrf2 activation in human neuroblastoma cells and the role of NMDA receptor and spermine oxidase on Tat-induced nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation |
| 25174398 | During H. pylori infection, the enzyme spermine oxidase (SMOX) is induced, which generates hydrogen peroxide from the catabolism of the polyamine spermine, and increases gastric cancer risk. |
| 24025154 | study postulates a mechanism for SAT1 and SMOX down-regulation by post-transcriptional activity of miRNAs. |
| 23665428 | Tat was found to induce reactive oxygen species production and to affect cell viability in SH-SY5Y cells, these effects being mediated by spermine oxidase (SMO) |
| 23665428 | HIV-1 Tat-induced activation of spermine oxidase (SMO) activity involves NMDAR stimulation in human neuroblastoma |
| 21839041 | Spermine oxidase mediates the gastric cancer risk associated with Helicobacter pylori CagA. |
| 21152090 | each gene was associated with at least one main outcome: anxiety (SAT1, SMS), mood disorders (SAT1, SMOX), and suicide attempts (SAT1, OATL1). |
| 20946629 | Spermine oxidase (SMO) has a role in response to BENSpm and CPENSpm in breast tumor cells |
| 20379614 | Clinical trial of gene-disease association and gene-environment interaction. (HuGE Navigator) |
| 20127992 | Increased expression of spermine oxidase is associated with ulcerative colitis. |
| More... |
MQSCESSGDSADDPLSRGLRRRGQPRVVVIGAGLAGLAAAKALLEQGFTDVTVLEASSHIGGRVQSVKLG 1 - 70 HATFELGATWIHGSHGNPIYHLAEANGLLEETTDGERSVGRISLYSKNGVACYLTNHGRRIPKDVVEEFS 71 - 140 DLYNEVYNLTQEFFRHDKPVNAESQNSVGVFTREEVRNRIRNDPDDPEATKRLKLAMIQQYLKVESCESS 141 - 210 SHSMDEVSLSAFGEWTEIPGAHHIIPSGFMRVVELLAEGIPAHVIQLGKPVRCIHWDQASARPRGPEIEP 211 - 280 RGEGDHNHDTGEGGQGGEEPRGGRWDEDEQWSVVVECEDCELIPADHVIVTVSLGVLKRQYTSFFRPGLP 281 - 350 TEKVAAIHRLGIGTTDKIFLEFEEPFWGPECNSLQFVWEDEAESHTLTYPPELWYRKICGFDVLYPPERY 351 - 420 GHVLSGWICGEEALVMEKCDDEAVAEICTEMLRQFTGNPNIPKPRRILRSAWGSNPYFRGSYSYTQVGSS 421 - 490 GADVEKLAKPLPYTESSKTAPMQVLFSGEATHRKYYSTTHGALLSGQREAARLIEMYRDLFQQGT 491 - 555 //
| PMID | Year | Title |
|---|---|---|
| 26895301 | 2016 | HIV-Tat Induces the Nrf2/ARE Pathway through NMDA Receptor-Elicited Spermine Oxidase Activation in Human Neuroblastoma Cells. |
| 25174398 | 2015 | Increased Helicobacter pylori-associated gastric cancer risk in the Andean region of Colombia is mediated by spermine oxidase. |
| 24025154 | 2014 | Regulatory role of miRNAs in polyamine gene expression in the prefrontal cortex of depressed suicide completers. |
| 23665428 | 2013 | A role for spermine oxidase as a mediator of reactive oxygen species production in HIV-Tat-induced neuronal toxicity. |
| 21839041 | 2011 | Spermine oxidase mediates the gastric cancer risk associated with Helicobacter pylori CagA. |
| 21152090 | 2010 | Association of polyaminergic loci with anxiety, mood disorders, and attempted suicide. |
| 20946629 | 2010 | Spermine oxidase (SMO) activity in breast tumor tissues and biochemical analysis of the anticancer spermine analogues BENSpm and CPENSpm. |
| 20881960 | 2010 | Hundreds of variants clustered in genomic loci and biological pathways affect human height. |
| 20379614 | Personalized smoking cessation: interactions between nicotine dose, dependence and quit-success genotype score. | |
| 20127992 | 2010 | Increased expression and cellular localization of spermine oxidase in ulcerative colitis and relationship to disease activity. |
| More... |
