| Tbio | Transcription elongation factor SPT4 |
Component of the DRB sensitivity-inducing factor complex (DSIF complex), which regulates mRNA processing and transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II. DSIF positively regulates mRNA capping by stimulating the mRNA guanylyltransferase activity of RNGTT/CAP1A. DSIF also acts cooperatively with the negative elongation factor complex (NELF complex) to enhance transcriptional pausing at sites proximal to the promoter. Transcriptional pausing may facilitate the assembly of an elongation competent RNA polymerase II complex. DSIF and NELF promote pausing by inhibition of the transcription elongation factor TFIIS/S-II. TFIIS/S-II binds to RNA polymerase II at transcription pause sites and stimulates the weak intrinsic nuclease activity of the enzyme. Cleavage of blocked transcripts by RNA polymerase II promotes the resumption of transcription from the new 3' terminus and may allow repeated attempts at transcription through natural pause sites. DSIF can also positively regulate transcriptional elongation and is required for the efficient activation of transcriptional elongation by the HIV-1 nuclear transcriptional activator, Tat. DSIF acts to suppress transcriptional pausing in transcripts derived from the HIV-1 LTR and blocks premature release of HIV-1 transcripts at terminator sequences.
This gene encodes the small subunit of DRB (5,6-dichloro-1-beta-d-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole) sensitivity-inducing factor (DSIF) complex, which regulates mRNA processing and transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II. The encoded protein is localized to the nucleus and interacts with the large subunit (SUPT5H) to form the DSIF complex. Related pseudogenes have been identified on chromosomes 2 and 12. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2012]
This gene encodes the small subunit of DRB (5,6-dichloro-1-beta-d-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole) sensitivity-inducing factor (DSIF) complex, which regulates mRNA processing and transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II. The encoded protein is localized to the nucleus and interacts with the large subunit (SUPT5H) to form the DSIF complex. Related pseudogenes have been identified on chromosomes 2 and 12. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2012]
Comments
Property Summary
| NCBI Gene PubMed Count | 36 |
| Grant Count | 67 |
| R01 Count | 61 |
| Funding | $8,006,575.32 |
| PubMed Score | 41.70 |
| PubTator Score | 17.97 |
| Disease | log2 FC | p |
|---|---|---|
| Multiple myeloma | 1.097 | 0.003 |
| psoriasis | -1.600 | 0.000 |
| osteosarcoma | -1.384 | 0.000 |
| pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma liver m... | -1.313 | 0.001 |
| lung cancer | 1.100 | 0.006 |
| Breast cancer | 1.800 | 0.045 |
| ovarian cancer | 1.100 | 0.001 |
| pituitary cancer | 1.100 | 0.000 |
| PMID | Text |
|---|---|
| 27516603 | Knockdown of SUPT4H1, the human Spt4 ortholog, similarly decreased production of sense and antisense RNA foci, as well as dipeptide repeat proteins, in patient cells. |
| 22422068 | The SPT5/SPT4 complex, DSIF, associates with the HIV-1 transcription elongation complex (TEC) and are involved in the activation of transcriptional elongation by HIV-1 Tat |
| 19952111 | he Paf1 complex (Paf1C) and Tat-SF1, two factors implicated previously in elongation control, collaborate with DSIF to facilitate efficient elongation |
| 19860741 | crystal structure of hSpt4 in complex with the dimerization region of hSpt5 |
| 19210550 | These results suggest that one of the functions of Spt5 is to suppress senescence and apoptosis, and that this function is exerted through its association with Spt4 and Pol II. |
| 18373978 | Spt4 was purified and characterized. |
| 17962196 | These findings reveal a dynamic regulation of DSIF involving either E-box or NF-kappaB depending on the physiological circumstances. |
| 17502349 | Upon induction of NF-kappaB, a subset of target genes is regulated differentially by either P-TEFb or DSIF.[P-TEFb, DSIF] |
| 11112772 | The SPT5/SPT4 complex, DSIF, associates with the HIV-1 transcription elongation complex (TEC) and are involved in the activation of transcriptional elongation by HIV-1 Tat |
| 10757782 | The SPT5/SPT4 complex, DSIF, associates with the HIV-1 transcription elongation complex (TEC) and are involved in the activation of transcriptional elongation by HIV-1 Tat |
| More... |
| PMID | Year | Title |
|---|---|---|
| 27516603 | 2016 | Spt4 selectively regulates the expression of C9orf72 sense and antisense mutant transcripts. |
| 27107012 | 2016 | Pooled-matrix protein interaction screens using Barcode Fusion Genetics. |
| 26496610 | 2015 | A human interactome in three quantitative dimensions organized by stoichiometries and abundances. |
| 25416956 | 2014 | A proteome-scale map of the human interactome network. |
| 22814378 | 2012 | N-terminal acetylome analyses and functional insights of the N-terminal acetyltransferase NatB. |
| 22570620 | 2012 | The DSIF subunits Spt4 and Spt5 have distinct roles at various phases of immunoglobulin class switch recombination. |
| 21269460 | 2011 | Initial characterization of the human central proteome. |
| 19952111 | 2009 | DSIF, the Paf1 complex, and Tat-SF1 have nonredundant, cooperative roles in RNA polymerase II elongation. |
| 19860741 | 2009 | Crystal structure of the human transcription elongation factor DSIF hSpt4 subunit in complex with the hSpt5 dimerization interface. |
| 19210550 | 2009 | Role of human transcription elongation factor DSIF in the suppression of senescence and apoptosis. |
| More... |
