Tbio GREM1 Gremlin-1

Protein Summary

Description

Cytokine that may play an important role during carcinogenesis and metanephric kidney organogenesis, as a BMP antagonist required for early limb outgrowth and patterning in maintaining the FGF4-SHH feedback loop. Down-regulates the BMP4 signaling in a dose-dependent manner (By similarity). Antagonist of BMP2; inhibits BMP2-mediated differentiation of osteoblasts (in vitro) (PubMed:27036124). Acts as inhibitor of monocyte chemotaxis. Can inhibit the growth or viability of normal cells but not transformed cells when is overexpressed (By similarity). This gene encodes a member of the BMP (bone morphogenic protein) antagonist family. Like BMPs, BMP antagonists contain cystine knots and typically form homo- and heterodimers. The CAN (cerberus and dan) subfamily of BMP antagonists, to which this gene belongs, is characterized by a C-terminal cystine knot with an eight-membered ring. The antagonistic effect of the secreted glycosylated protein encoded by this gene is likely due to its direct binding to BMP proteins. As an antagonist of BMP, this gene may play a role in regulating organogenesis, body patterning, and tissue differentiation. In mouse, this protein has been shown to relay the sonic hedgehog (SHH) signal from the polarizing region to the apical ectodermal ridge during limb bud outgrowth. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2010]

Uniprot Accession IDs

• O60565
• Q52LV3
• Q8N914
• Q8N936

Gene Name

• GREM1

Ensembl ID

• ENST00000560830
• ENSP00000453141
• ENSG00000166923
• ENST00000622074
• ENSP00000478319
• ENST00000632478
• ENSP00000488158
• ENSG00000282046
• ENST00000632802
• ENSP00000488588

Symbol

• CKTSF1B1
• DAND2
• DRM
• DRM
• HMPS
• MPSH
• PIG2
• CRAC1
• CRCS4
• DAND2
• HMPS1
• IHG-2
• DUP15q
• C15DUPq
• GREMLIN
• CKTSF1B1

Knowledge Table

Most Knowledge About	Knowledge Value (0 to 1 scale)
biological process	1
PubMedID	0.83
molecular function	0.81
gene perturbation	0.73
biological term	0.71

Protein Classes

No PANTHER Classes or DTO Classes found

IDG Development Level Summary

Tdark

These are targets about which virtually nothing is known. They do not have known drug or small molecule activities
- AND - satisfy two or more of the following criteria:

Pubmed score: 588.79   (req: < 5)

Gene RIFs: 148   (req: <= 3)

Antibodies: 514   (req: <= 50)

Tbio

These targets do not have known drug or small molecule activities
- AND - satisfy two or more of the following criteria:

Pubmed score: 588.79   (req: >= 5)

Gene RIFs: 148   (req: > 3)

Antibodies: 514   (req: > 50)

- OR - satisfy the following criterion:

Gene Ontology Terms: 50

Tchem

Target has at least one ChEMBL compound with an activity cutoff of < 30 nM - AND - satisfies the preceding conditions

Active Ligand: 0

Tclin

Target has at least one approved drug - AND - satisfies the preceding conditions

Active Drug: 0