Tchem TMEM173 Stimulator of interferon genes protein

Protein Summary

Description

Facilitator of innate immune signaling that acts as a sensor of cytosolic DNA from bacteria and viruses and promotes the production of type I interferon (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta). Innate immune response is triggered in response to non-CpG double-stranded DNA from viruses and bacteria delivered to the cytoplasm. Acts by recognizing and binding cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP), a second messenger produced by bacteria, and cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP), a messenger produced in response to DNA virus in the cytosol: upon binding of c-di-GMP or cGAMP, autoinhibition is alleviated and TMEM173/STING is able to activate both NF-kappa-B and IRF3 transcription pathways to induce expression of type I interferon and exert a potent anti-viral state. May be involved in translocon function, the translocon possibly being able to influence the induction of type I interferons. May be involved in transduction of apoptotic signals via its association with the major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II). Mediates death signaling via activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway. Essential for the induction of IFN-beta in response to human herpes simplex virus 1 (HHV-1) infection. Exhibits 2',3' phosphodiester linkage-specific ligand recognition. Can bind both 2'-3' linked cGAMP and 3'-3' linked cGAMP but is preferentially activated by 2'-3' linked cGAMP (PubMed:26300263). (Microbial infection) Antiviral activity is antagonized by oncoproteins, such as papillomavirus (HPV) protein E7 and adenovirus early E1A protein (PubMed:26405230). Such oncoproteins prevent the ability to sense cytosolic DNA (PubMed:26405230). This gene encodes a five transmembrane protein that functions as a major regulator of the innate immune response to viral and bacterial infections. The encoded protein is a pattern recognition receptor that detects cytosolic nucleic acids and transmits signals that activate type I interferon responses. The encoded protein has also been shown to play a role in apoptotic signaling by associating with type II major histocompatibility complex. Mutations in this gene are the cause of infantile-onset STING-associated vasculopathy. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014]

Uniprot Accession IDs

• Q86WV6
• A8K3P6
• B6EB35
• D6RBX0
• D6RE01
• D6RID9
• hSTING

Gene Name

• TMEM173

Ensembl ID

• ENST00000330794
• ENSP00000331288
• ENSG00000184584

Symbol

• ERIS
• MITA
• STING
• ERIS
• MITA
• MPYS
• SAVI
• NET23
• STING
• hMITA
• hSTING
• STING-beta

Knowledge Table

Most Knowledge About	Knowledge Value (0 to 1 scale)
virus perturbation	0.96
molecular function	0.93
cellular component	0.89
biological process	0.88
transcription factor perturbation	0.8

Protein Classes

No PANTHER Classes or DTO Classes found

IDG Development Level Summary

Tdark

These are targets about which virtually nothing is known. They do not have known drug or small molecule activities
- AND - satisfy two or more of the following criteria:

Pubmed score: 214.13   (req: < 5)

Gene RIFs: 374   (req: <= 3)

Antibodies: 645   (req: <= 50)

Tbio

These targets do not have known drug or small molecule activities
- AND - satisfy two or more of the following criteria:

Pubmed score: 214.13   (req: >= 5)

Gene RIFs: 374   (req: > 3)

Antibodies: 645   (req: > 50)

- OR - satisfy the following criterion:

Gene Ontology Terms: 24

Tchem

Target has at least one ChEMBL compound with an activity cutoff of < 30 nM - AND - satisfies the preceding conditions

Active Ligands: 72

Tclin

Target has at least one approved drug - AND - satisfies the preceding conditions

Active Drug: 0